Abstract: Infertility is defined clinically as the inability to achieve pregnancy after 12 months of regular, unprotected intercourse (in women under 35; after 6 months if age ≥35). It is a common condition, affecting an estimated 1 in 6 people of reproductive age worldwide. In fact, the World Health Organization reported in 2023 that approximately 17.5% of the global adult population experiences infertility at some point, underscoring the substantial public health impact.