Abstract: Cashew has the potential to deliver the sources of income for farmers, empower rural women in the processing sector, make employment opportunities and build foreign exchange through exports. This study was conducted to find out the factors affecting cashew production and to identify the major constraints present in cashew cultivation met by farmers in the Maritimepattu Divisional Secretariat Division in Mullaitivu District of Sri Lanka. It was examined the social characteristics, economic factors, and farming knowledge of cashew cultivation among farmers in the study area. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire administered to 60 respondents selected through a simple random sampling method.