Abstract: Rainfall variability exacerbated by frequent dry spell occurrences within the growing seasons is a common phenomenon in many regions of the world.. Homa Bay County located in the western part of Kenya in the Lake Victoria Basin is a sub humid region characterized by frequent dry spells resulting to poor yield in crops and livestock production in the County. This paper examines the impact of dry spells occurrence on food production under rainfed agriculture in Homa Bay County. The study used a sample size of 384 households.