Abstract: The developing stage of any country is crucial for planning its resources. The sustainable development is the key factor governing the present scenario of social, economic, political, technological, and environmental challenges faced by the world. The Kerala state being enriched by natural resources and good environmental conditions is also going through the phase of urban development. The resulting trends are the increased consumerism which constituted the solid waste management problems along with severe energy crisis in recent times. The proper management of solid waste is the critical challenge faced by the state today. Both these challenges should be resolved in a win-win manner by adopting suitable technological solutions. The present study is an overview of the existing solid waste treatment systems in the state, the major challenges faced and the feasible opportunities for sustainable management of municipal solid waste.