Abstract: Water pollution is a pressing global issue, with various comical constituents in water bodies playing a significant role in public health. Fluoride impact on health is a central aspect of this debate. On one hand, fluoride plays a crucial role in dental health. It strengthens tooth enamel and is known to reduce tooth decay and cavities, making it a valuable tool in public health dentistry. Water fluoridation, a common practice, has been credited with improving dental health, particularly in communities with limited access to dental care. However, the controversy arises from the difficulty in controlling the dosage of fluoride individuals receive through water fluoridation.