Abstract: Industrialization and urbanization affect agricultural land and lead to its scarcity. This change in turn affects the biodiversity, ecosystem and socio-economic conditions. In this context, changes in land use pattern, productivity, food security are matter of major concern. The agricultural sector is facing the most serious threats from overexploitation and conversion of land into other uses which results in degradation and depletion of agricultural land. The growth trend in agricultural sector has not been consistent in Kerala with a decline in the contribution to the state income. Agricultural land conversion, especially which of paddy fields, has been a burning issue in recent times both from the perspective of food security and its environmental impacts.