Abstract: Rivers conserve a rich variety of fish species which is the most important aquatic fauna, directly or indirectly related with human health and wealth. Fish diversity of river essentially represents the fish faunal diversity and their abundance. The present study deals with fish biodiversity recorded over a period of one year, from January 2011 to December 2012 in the Damodar River, Burdwan district, West Bengal. The result of present investigation reveals the occurrence of 46 fish species belonging to 7 orders, 18 families and 26 genera. Among the collected species Order Cyprinidontiforms constituting 38 %, Order Perciformes constituting 30%, Order Siluriformes constituting 26%, of the total fish species. The highest abundance and richness was found in sampling station 2 – Barsul.