Abstract: Mining is viewed as one of the lucrative economic activities which have the potential of contributing to the development of economies. At the same time, health and safety impacts of mining to the mineworkers have been a major concern to governments, the general public, stakeholder organizations and individuals. Whiles the contributions of mining activities to economic development of Tanzania is well acknowledged, others contend that, the gains from the mining sector to the economy is achieved at significant health and safety costs to the mineworkers in the country.