Abstract: This basic principle of civilization is the result of a guaranteed option to protect the immunity of the innocent, even if the price is the impunity of any culprit. "It is enough for the social body to punish offenders in their entirety," wrote Lauze Peret, "but his great interest was that all innocent people, without exception, be protected. " It is this option on which Montesquieu established the link between freedom and security of citizens: "Political freedom consists in security, or at least in the belief that everyone has for their own security," and "this security is not placed at greater risk than under public or private accusation ", consequently, when the innocence of the citizens is not guaranteed, nor is their freedom to be.