Abstract: Mangrove forests along the coastal belt of Orissa, especially mangrove ecosystems in the estuarine areas of Mahanadi delta of Orissa rich in varied resources, support livelihood of lakhs of people living adjacent to these forests. They act as refuge against cyclones, storms and tidal surges which is recurrent in this area. Apart from a major source of fuel, fodder and timber, mangrove wetlands harbor fishes, crabs and serve as an ideal habitat for prawn farms the soil being fertile mangrove forests are cleared for agriculture purpose.