Abstract: Hepatitis B viral infection is a major public health problem with a worldwide prevalence. Due to their increasing incidence, early detection and improved diagnoses of severe cases are of primary importance. Currently viral antigens and antibodies are detected by traditional serological tests. However, the introduction of oral fluid as an alternative has led to many researches. Its advantages over venepuncture are many. Hence this prompted us to carry out a pilot study to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of saliva in detecting hepatitis B surface antigen using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).