Abstract: Illegal immigration from Bangladesh to Assam has been a burning problem and is adversely affecting the economy and social environment; creating law and order problem wherever they are present in sizeable number. It is due to both pull and ‘push’ factors. Foremost among these are the economic factors (like better employment opportunities in India) while the poverty, subsistence living, ravages caused by flood and other natural calamities in Bangladesh act as push factors. The data provided in the study indicates that if necessary steps are not taken immediately, Assam, the elder sister of North-East India would loss its identity from the map of India very soon. To meet the problem, a few suggestions are forwarded in this paper.