Abstract: Obesity is one of the greatest challenges of our time affecting vast majority of population. It is a serious chronic disease that has numerous etiologies. The Human Adenovirus-36 (Ad-36) was first described in 1980, about the time that the prevalence of obesity began to increase. Support for Ad-36 being a contributor to the obesity epidemic has been accumulating over several years and has been shown to cause obesity in chickens, mice and nonhuman primates.The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of Ad-36 virus in obese and non-obese individuals. Plasma titers of Ad-36 virus were evaluated in 20 obese and 21 non obese individuals. Blood samples were obtained from obese subjects with BMI 27-34 and also from non-obese controls with BMI <27. Ad-36 titers were estimated using Real-time PCR SYBR green I fluorescence assay. Statistically increased titers of Ad-36 were found in obese subjects when compared to those of non-obese controls (p<0.001). Thus, in our study, titers of Ad-36 virus are increased in obese individuals suggesting that this virus may play a role in etiology of obesity.