Abstract: John Locke is one of the most leading European philosophers of modern times. His books on political philosophy, tolerance, and criticism of the mind had a profound impact on the development of European thought and its transmission from medieval thought to the modern era. It is striking that John Locke had taken an interest in the Islamic religion in his books and criticized the conditions of Muslims in his period. The comparisons he made between Europe and the Muslim world, and between Christianity and Islam, were prominent discussions in his overall philosophy. In this article, I seek to reveal John Lockes position on Islam as a religion and the Islamic world to gain a greater understanding of Lockes philosophy on the one hand and the historical relations between the Islamic world and the Western world on the other.