Abstract: Environmental Biotechnology started with waste water treatment at the turn of 19/20th Century and provides services to remove contaminants from waste water and soil, to monitor pollutants and toxic materials in the environment and captures valuable products from wastes. This review we briefly summarize related recent progress on isolation of microorganisms for pollutant degradation in extreme conditions and the study of genes and enzymes related to biodegradation pathways. This paper also reviews various parameters like effect of metal ion, pH, carbon sources etc. and information on enhancement of biodegradation of genetic Engineering was also mentioned in detail.