Abstract: People living along lake Bosomtwe basin in Ghana relies largely on fishing in the lake and farming on the marginal lands. The relationship between the land use practices in the catchments, people livelihood and the lake fishing environment is fascinating, because of the belief that the catchment forests and streams help make the lake basin a rich habitat. However, recent human activities and shoreline changes of the lake are believed to have subjected the catchment areas to undue deforestation from uncoordinated farming practices. The unparalleled degradation of the catchments has disrupted the fish ecology, hence dwindling livelihood opportunities. The local population has had to diversify livelihood strategies.