Abstract: Health and hygiene status of a population group is one important indicator of human development. It is largely depends upon the physical quality of environment of a region. It is a matter of concern that the Hunan Development Indices (HDIs) of the Schedule Tribes population continue to be lower than the non tribal population in terms of all parameters such as, education, income, health & hygiene status etc. The tribal people are generally living close to nature and they are influenced more by traditional socio-cultural and environmental dimensions in their health practices. Moreover, the socio-cultural attributes differ from one tribe to another, which result in difference in the health- hygiene and demographic behaviours of different tribal groups.