Abstract: Globally, around 2.6 billion people still rely on traditional biomass fuels for their cooking. This biomass burning produces green house gases and black carbon, which contributes to climate change. Uganda’s low level of income as shown by a low per capita income (approx. US$300) and its heavy dependence on rain-fed agriculture make it very vulnerable to climate change. Uganda like other countries in the least developed Countries (LDC) group, through its energy policies emphasizes the importance of access to sustainable energy and affordable energy efficient technologies in order to adapt to climate change. Although climate change and it effects have taken root in most part of the country, there is limited knowledge about climate change and its impact. Mitigation and adaptive measures taken by Uganda include but are not limited to creating a mix of renewable and low carbon technologies, implementation of reduce emission from deforestation and desertification (REDD) strategy and widespread implementation of energy efficient measures such as the dissemination of improved cook stoves to households.