Abstract: Indonesia is the country with the fourth largest population in the world, each year experiencing an increase in population at an increasing rate. The increase in population has always had an impact on increasing the number of food needs. In order to keep face with the rate of population growth, an increase in agricultural production and productivity is a must for Indonesia. The irony is that the population continues to grow, but agricultural land is decreasing due to land conversion, and land damages due to environmental pollution which results in decreasing productivity and in a decrease in income especially of small farmers in the countryside. Various efforts have been made to increase food production, preserve the environment and improve food security, one of which is through "Rice-Fish Farming System (RFFS)" program.