Abstract: This study aims to identify the real users of public health services within Greater Cairo. This can help in reducing service delivery to non-beneficiaries, thus, prevent resources’ abuse and promotes economic efficiency. Moreover, it makes the needy -who are deprived of the service and cannot afford private surgery and private medical treatment- feel justice. In this study, identifying the users of public health services depends on: defining the basis on which services will be provided and the factors affecting it, identifying the validity of these factors and how to measure them, constructing factors’ index and testing it.