Abstract: Assessment of the effect of kerosene spill on microbial properties of soil ten years after the spill at Maikunkele, Niger State was carried out. The counts of total aerobic heterotrophic bacteria (AHB) ranged from 1.1x106cfu/g to 1.9x106cfu/g of soil in the kerosene polluted soil (KPS) as compared to 1.3x106cfu/g - 2.1x106cfu/g of soil in the kerosene free soil (KFS). However, the spill promoted the growth of kerosene utilizing bacteria (KUB) in the soil. The population of KUB in the KPS ranged from 1.1x105cfu/g to 1.7x105cfu/g as compared to 1.0x105cfu/g-1.6x105cfu/g in the KFS. The results obtained also revealed that the counts of fungi were higher in KFS (1.3x103cfu/g-2.1x103cfu/g) than in KPS (1.1x103cfu/g-1.6x103cfu/g). The kerosene utilizing microorganisms were identified as species of Bacillus, Micrococcus, Acinetobacter, Alcaligenes, Pseudomonas, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Mucor and Penicillium. The amount of carbon dioxide evolved by Bacillus subtilis strains (KUB07 and KUB04) was relatively higher compared to the amount of carbon dioxide evolved by other strains and mixed culture after 16 days, meaning that there may be no special benefit in using mixed culture in the bioremediation of kerosene pollute environment. Thus Bacillus strains KUB04 and KUB07 can be used in reclaiming the kerosene polluted soil.