Abstract: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide, accounting for about 25% of maternal deaths. The most common cause of PPH is uterine atony, which occurs when the uterus fails to contract adequately after delivery, resulting in uncontrolled bleeding from the placental site. Uterine atony is responsible for 70-80% of PPH cases. This article aims to review the pathophysiology, risk factors, prevention, and management of uterine atony and to provide evidence-based recommendations for clinical practice. The article is based on a systematic literature search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases, using the keywords “uterine atony”, “postpartum hemorrhage”, “prevention”, and “management”. The article summarizes the current knowledge and gaps in the understanding of uterine atony and its implications for maternal health. The article also discusses the challenges and opportunities for improving the quality of care and reducing the burden of PPH and uterine atony.