Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, primarily affecting the lungs but capable of spreading to other organs. It spreads through airborne droplets when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or speaks. Common symptoms include persistent cough, fever, night sweats, weight loss, and fatigue. TB can be latent (inactive, without symptoms) or active (with symptoms and contagious). It is a major global health issue, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Effective treatment typically involves a combination of antibiotics taken over several months, and early detection and adherence to therapy are crucial for controlling the disease and preventing drug resistance.