Abstract: The opencast mining has resulted to destruction of habitats which is essential for maintaining ecological balance. In the present study, attempts have been made to assess the floristic composition and biomass accumulation of ground flora. The study revealed that the number of tree species was low in all the mining sites. The present study designed to explore the floristic composition of the Lajkura coal mining area, Jharsuguda and to analyze the impact of coal mining on plant diversity. The record of plant species was organized on the source of field trips conducted in winter, summer and monsoon during the year 2013-14. A total of 144 plant species (36 tree, 36 herbs, 34 shrubs, 17 small tree, 11 climber, 8 grasses and 2 rhizomes) were documented. Dominant families were Apocynaceae, Fabaceae, Moraceae, Poaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Asteraceae and Lamiaceae.