Abstract: With a focus on the "Korosho ni Maisha Project in Matsangoni" in Kilifi County, Kenya, this study set out to examine what makes smallholder agricultural initiatives work. The main goals were to examine the following: (a) how the monitoring and evaluation (M&E) policy framework affected the Korosho ni Maisha Projects performance; (b) how financial backing affected the projects results; (c) how M&E data affected the projects sustainability; and (d) how M&E capacity development affected the projects performance. Several aspects of M&E (Monitoring and Evaluation) were examined in the inquiry. incorporating the lens of Stakeholder Theory and Institutional Theory.