Abstract: Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) serving as the standard revascularization therapy. Two main surgical approaches are used: conventional CABG with cardiopulmonary bypass (On Pump) and off-pump CABG (Off Pump). While the On Pump technique facilitates surgical exposure and precision, it may increase the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) through mechanisms such as hemodilution, non-pulsatile flow, and systemic inflammatory responses.