Abstract: Participation by the community during the initiation stage helps in the identification of stakeholders, analysis of local power relations, and dealing with inequalities. This paper examines the influence of this stage on the sustainability of potable water projects within Ruhango District in Rwanda. Water projects are said to be successful where goals between stakeholders and the needs of the community members are met; therefore, such projects must be relevant and legitimate, sustained over the long term through early involvement of the members.