Abstract: Burkholderia cepacia is a gram negative bacilli usually isolated from persons with genetic lung diseases such as Cystic fibrosis. It was discovered as a plant pathogen but later researchers have found it to be a notorious pathogen in humans. It is also a nosocomial pathogen which contaminates equipment and even disinfectants. In the other end of the spectrum, research suggests that these organisms maybe used as bio diesel and also as pesticides and fertilizers. This review of literature gives an idea of the organism and the gateway it opens for further research with a special note on the evolution of this genus as a nosocomial infection in Neonates.