Abstract: Building Pathology is a field of study on causes, diagnosis, treatment of defects and malfunctions in buildings where pathos means suffering Logos means discourse or study. The study of building pathology is developed in the ancient world in ancient Rome and Greece to diagnosis and repair but today it is a well-established field extend to various defect assessment and remedy action. The importance of this field is developing each and every due to various factors such as climatic change, invention of new materials, new method of construction etc. In this paper Building pathology is critically reviewed on basis of Structural Cracks, Non Structural Cracks, Non Destructive Techniques, Crack detection and calculation, Case studies on various buildings and Building Information Modelling.