Abstract: Hepatocellular Carcinoma is the most common liver malignancy in the world and accounts for the most number of cancer related deaths worldwide. Larger incidences of HCC cases are reported from developing countries and much lesser in developed countries. According to many studies men are at more risk of getting HCC than females. Hepatitis B virus remains as the most important risk factor while Hepatitis C virus, alcoholism, diabetes mellitus and obesity play a major role in HCC. Cirrhosis remains as an additional important risk factor specially in the United States.