Abstract: Climate change continues to threaten agricultural productivity and household livelihoods across semi-arid regions in Kenya. Small-scale farmers remain highly vulnerable to erratic rainfall patterns, prolonged droughts, declining soil fertility, and increasing food insecurity because agricultural production in these regions largely depends on rainfall. Agroforestry has increasingly been promoted as an important climate adaptation strategy because it improves soil conservation, enhances food security, strengthens environmental sustainability, and increases household resilience. Despite these benefits, adoption of agroforestry practices among farmers remains inconsistent. This study, guided by Rogers' Diffusion of Innovation Theory, examined how knowledge about climate change influences adoption of agroforestry practices among small-scale farmers in Machakos County, Kenya. The study adopted a cross-sectional descriptive research design targeting 245 small-scale farming households from selected sub-counties in Machakos County. Data were collected using structured questionnaires. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including chi-square analysis and mean score analysis, while qualitative findings were analyzed thematically. The findings revealed that agroforestry adoption was generally high across respondents, with adoption rates ranging between 70% and 85% across most household categories. Home gardens emerged as the most common agroforestry practice, particularly among female respondents (53.5%). The study further established high levels of climate change awareness among farmers, with respondents strongly agreeing that climate change affects food production (M = 4.58), that farmers require climate change knowledge (M = 4.62), and that climate knowledge empowers women farmers (M = 4.79). Significant relationships were observed between farming experience (p = 0.015), land tenure system (p = 0.008), and the types of agroforestry pr