IJSRP, Volume 5, Issue 3, March 2015 Edition [ISSN 2250-3153]
Dinah Theresa Levillard, Srinath M Kambil
Abstract:
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is associated with various cutaneous abnormalities caused either by the disease or by treatment and can precede or follow initiation of dialysis, significantly impairing the quality of life in individuals. This study was undertaken to study the variety and prevalence of cutaneous manifestations in chronic renal disease, and their correlation with severity of CKD, and also to correlate variations in cutaneous changes with hemodialysis. 75 patients on CKD, including patients on hemodialysis, were examined for cutaneous changes. Creatinine clearance was calculated for staging of CKD. The common skin changes observed were xerosis (75%), hyperpigmentation (56%), pruritus (48%). Other changes seen were striae, purpurae, ecchymoses, Kyrle’s disease, pyodermas, mucosal, hair and nail changes and other infections. One case of Calcinosis cutis was seen. There was a significant decrease in pruritus(p=0.034) and an increase in pallor(p=0.001) in dialysis patients compared to others. There was also a remarkable increase in the diversity of skin changes that correspond with severity of CKD (p=0.044). Black pigmentation of the tongue, not usually seen was observed in 41% of patients. With an almost 100% prevalence in CKD, early recognition of these skin manifestations and prompt initiation of treatment can dramatically alter their course and even detect underlying renal disease.