Abstract: Tyres are one of the active safety components on vehicles and also considered an important component in the legislative instrument in Ghana. As far as safety is concern, several studies have found out that tyre failure has impact on road traffic accident. This research looked into causes and effect of tyre failure on road traffic accidents on commercial vehicles in the Takoradi Township in the western region of Ghana as a case study. Survey research method was used in collecting data. Four hundred and fifty (450) questionnaires were personally administered to commercial drivers in the study area. The study found out that there were four major causes of tyre failure: over-inflation, under-inflation, wear and overloading of vehicles. The result further shows that tyres fail on the road, because more than 89 percent of drivers in the metropolis are not familiar with tyre information and most especially legal requirement on the minimum tyre tread depth in millimetres as enshrined in the legislative instrument in Ghana. It is recommended that the National Road Safety Commission intensify its campaign on the need for all commercial drivers to understand the importance of knowing and adhering to the Legislative instrument on tyres and how it can reduce Road Traffic Accidents, in order to achieve the Vision 2020 which aims to reduce road traffic accident by half by the year 2020.