Abstract: In Mekong Delta, viral infection, including white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), monodon baculovirus (MBV), heptopancreatic parvovirus (HPV), infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV) and gill-associated nidovirus (GAV) frequently infect to cultured shrimp starting at the postlarvae stage. These viral infections cause high mortality of shrimp and affect to farm income. Previous studies mainly focused on the detection, transmission and genetic variation of the pathogens, but few studied the correlation between disease occurrence and other factors, including pond conditions, culture technique and management.