Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbial quality of stored peanut grains. A total of twelve (12) samples of stored peanut grains without pods were randomly collected from the warehouses of the Total, Texaco and PK markets in the city of Brazzaville, Congo. A microbiological analysis of the mycoflora of the stored peanut grains and their capacity to produce mycotoxins was performed. The identification results showed the presence of a diversity of molds including Aspergillus (57%), Alternaria (2%), Cladosporium (5%), Fusarium (4%), Mucor (9%), Penicillium (9%), Phoma (1%), Rhizopus (7%), Scedosporium (6%), some of which are incriminated in mycotoxins production.