Abstract: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a major genetic disorder among the tribal population. Hence the objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence and frequency of the sickle cell gene in some selected tribal population of the Ghatanji and Kelapur taluka of Yavatmal District (Central India). A total of 1078 tribal individuals were screened for SCD from 17 tribal villages constituting 3 tribal castes (Gond, Kolam, Pardhan). Using electrophoresis on cellulose acetate membrane 25 individuals were found heterozygous and 19 individuals were found to be homozygous for sickle cell gene. The sickle cell allele frequency was found to be 0.01414 in Gond, 0.03604 in Kolam and 0.00436 in Pardhans.