Abstract: This study was conducted on the right of use and economics of irrigation water for small-scale irrigation schemes in Eastern, Northern and Western parts of Uganda to examine the extent to which irrigation is accessible to farmers and the economic returns from irrigation water. The specific objectives were to examine the profitability of using irrigation water in Uganda, to assess the sustainability of small-scale irrigation schemes in Uganda, to identify the factors influencing productivity of irrigation water in Uganda, to identify the factors influencing farmers‟ willingness to pay for Irrigation water and to determine the implications of water user rights and costs on adoption of irrigation in Uganda.