Abstract: The present study aims to examine the vocabulary learning strategies employed by Thai-tertiary level students with different genders (female/male) and levels of vocabulary proficiency (high , moderate and low) . The VLS questionnaire was employed to elicit the data from 905 Thai EFL students studying in the Northeast of Thailand. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, an Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and the chi-square test. The results revealed that students’ gender andvocabulary proficiency level affected their overall VLS use, use of VLSs by the category and the individual strategy levels.The variation patterns of students’ VLS use were found in relation the two variables.